Vocabulary yang harus Anda hafal sebelum tes TOEFL

Vocabulary yang harus Anda hafal sebelum tes TOEFL

Menghafal Vocabulary

TOEFL singkatan dari Test of English as a Foreign, merupakan salah satu bentuk ujian terhadap kemampuan seseorang dalam menggunakan bahasa Inggris. Ujian TOEFL diadakan oleh ETS (Educational Testing Service) yang berpusat di Amerika Serikat. Tes TOEFL hanya diperuntukkan untuk individu yang tidak menggunakan bahasa Inggris sebagai bahasa ibu (non-native speaker). Pada dasarnya Tes TOEFL ditujukan untuk menguji tingkat kecakapan seseorang menggunakan bahasa Inggris dalam dunia kampus yang nantinya akan menajadi tempat pelajar ketika telah lulus di universitas yang menjadi tujuan mereka. 

Hasil tes TOEFL diperlukan sebagai salah satu syarat untuk memasuki suatu universitas terutama universitas di Amerika serikat atau negara-negara lain. Skor TOEFL di Indonesia telah menjadi prasyarat dalam memasuki suatu universitas terutama untuk program Master (S2) dan program Doktor (S3). Bahkan saat ini sebagian universitas telah mensyaratkan mahasiswa S1 nya untuk memiliki skor TOEFL sebagai syarat untuk kelulusan. TOEFL juga telah digunakan oleh sebagian perusahaan (Company) dalam mekanisme rekruitment dan jenjang kenaikan karir. 

Topik atau benuk soal dalm tes TOEFL semuanya tidak lepas dari kehidupan kampus (academic setting). Olehnya dalam mempersiapkan diri menghadapi tes TOEFL Anda disarankan untuk menghapal banyak-banyak kosakata yang selalu digunakan dalam dunia kampus. Dibawah ini kami sediakan bentuk-bentuk kosakata yang umum digunakan dalam tes TOEFL yang ditulis oleh Averil Coxhead,  School of Linguistics and Applied Language Studies, Victoria University of Wellington, New Zealand.

Vocabulary yang harus Anda hafal sebelum tes TOEFL dibawah dalam bentuk beberapa grup yang telah diurutkan berdasarkan tingkat keseringan munculnya. 


Group 1
sector • available • financial • process • individual • specific • principle • estimate • variables • method • data • research • contract • environment • export • source • assessment • policy • identified • create • derived • factors • procedure • definition • assume • theory • benefit • evidence • established • authority • major • issues • labor • occur • economic • involved • percent • interpretation • consistent • income • structure • legal • concept • formula • section • required • constitutional • analysis • distribution • function • area • approach • role • legislation • indicate • response • period • context • significant • similar •

Group 2
community • resident • range • construction • strategies • elements • previous • conclusion • security • aspects • acquisition • features • text • commission • regulations • computer • items • consumer • achieve • final • positive • evaluation • assistance • normal • relevant • distinction • region • traditional • impact • consequences • chapter • equation • appropriate • resources • participation • survey • potential • cultural • transfer • select • credit • affect • categories • perceived • sought • focus • purchase • injury • site • journal • primary • complex • institute • investment • administration • maintenance • design • obtained • restricted • conduct •

Group 3
comments • convention • published • framework • implies • negative • dominant • illustrated • outcomes • constant • shift • deduction • ensure • specified • justification • funds • reliance • physical • partnership • location • link • coordination • alternative • initial • validity • task • techniques • excluded • consent • proportion • demonstrate • reaction • criteria • minorities • technology • philosophy • removed • sex • compensation • sequence • corresponding • maximum • circumstances • instance • considerable • sufficient • corporate • interaction • contribution • immigration • component • constraints • technical • emphasis • scheme • layer • volume • document • registered • core •

Group 4
overall • emerged • regime • implementation • project • hence • occupational • internal • goals • retained • sum • integration • mechanism • parallel • imposed • despite • job • parameters • approximate • label • concentration • principal • series • predicted • summary • attitudes • undertaken • cycle • communication • ethnic • hypothesis • professional • status • conference • attributed • annual • obvious • error • implications • apparent • commitment • subsequent • debate • dimensions • promote • statistics • option • domestic • output • access • code • investigation • phase • prior • granted • stress • civil • contrast • resolution • adequate

Group 5
alter • stability • energy • aware • licence • enforcement • draft • styles • precise • medical • pursue • symbolic • marginal • capacity • generation • exposure • decline • academic • modified • external • psychology • fundamental • adjustment • ratio • whereas • enable • version • perspective • contact • network • facilitate • welfare • transition • amendment • logic • rejected • expansion • clause • prime • target • objective • sustainable • equivalent • liberal • notion • substitution • generated • trend • revenue • compounds • evolution • conflict • image • discretion • entities • orientation • consultation • mental • monitoring • challenge •

Group 6
intelligence • transformation • presumption • acknowledged • utility • furthermore • accurate • diversity • attached • recovery • assigned • tapes • motivation • bond • edition • nevertheless • transport • cited • fees • scope • enhanced • incorporated • instructions • subsidiary • input • abstract • ministry • capable • expert • preceding • display • incentive • inhibition • trace • ignored • incidence • estate • cooperative • revealed • index • lecture • discrimination • overseas • explicit • aggregate • gender • underlying • brief • domain • rational • minimum • interval • neutral • migration • flexibility • federal • author • initiatives • allocation • exceed •

Group 7
intervention • confirmed • definite • classical • chemical • voluntary • release • visible • finite • publication • channel • file • thesis • equipment • disposal • solely • deny • identical • submitted • grade • phenomenon • paradigm • ultimately • extract • survive • converted • transmission • global • inferred • guarantee • advocate • dynamic • simulation • topic • insert • reverse • decades • comprise • hierarchical • unique • comprehensive • couple • mode • differentiation • eliminate • priority • empirical • ideology • somewhat • aid • foundation • adults • adaptation • quotation • contrary • media • successive • innovation • prohibited • isolated •

Group 8
highlighted • eventually • inspection • termination • displacement • arbitrary • reinforced • denote • offset • exploitation • detected • abandon • random • revision • virtually • uniform • predominantly • thereby • implicit • tension • ambiguous • vehicle • clarity • conformity • contemporary • automatically • accumulation • appendix • widespread • infrastructure • deviation • fluctuations • restore • guidelines • commodity • minimizes • practitioners • radical • plus • visual • chart • appreciation • prospect • dramatic • contradiction • currency • inevitably • complement • accompany • paragraph • induced • schedule • intensity • crucial • via • exhibit • bias • manipulation • theme • nuclear •

Group 9
bulk • behalf • unified • commenced • erosion • anticipated • minimal • ceases • vision • mutual • norms • intermediate • manual • supplementary • incompatible • concurrent • ethical • preliminary • integral • conversely • relaxed • confined • accommodation • temporary • distorted • passive • subordinate • analogous • military • scenario • revolution • diminished • coherence • suspended • mature • assurance • rigid • controversy • sphere • mediation • format • trigger • qualitative • portion • medium • coincide • violation • device • insights • refine • devoted • team • overlap • attained • restraints • inherent • route • protocol • founded • duration •

Group 10
whereby • inclination • encountered • convinced • assembly • albeit • enormous • reluctant • posed • persistent • undergo • notwithstanding • straightforward • panel • odd • intrinsic • compiled • adjacent • integrity • forthcoming • conceived • ongoing • so-called • likewise • nonetheless • levy • invoked • colleagues • depression • collapse •

Referensi utama: situs Exam English

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